SAPÈL

Frap Tools 18HP

Tamed random source. Two symmetric clusters (yellow, green) each provide three synced S&H outputs — one raw, one 2ⁿ-quantised to semitones, one n+1-quantised to octaves — plus a fluctuating output. Four noise colours (blue, white, pink, red).

Patch Ideas · 8

Generative melody with locked octave
Yellow 2ⁿ set to n=2 (4 semitones per chord pool) · Yellow n+1 at n=1 (2 octaves) · clock Yellow at moderate rate · sum 2ⁿ and n+1 for pitch that stays in a 2-octave window with a 4-note set · probability knob biases toward mid-range centre of the pool.
Show diagram
Patch diagramPatch diagram with 5 modules and 4 connections. Modules: SAPÈL, Clock, Yellow, Mixer, VCO. Signals: 3 pitch, 1 clock.SAPÈLClockYellowMixerVCOYellow 2ⁿ Value: n=2Yellow n+1 Value: n=1Probability: noonProbability Dist Switch (2ⁿ): ONExt Clock In YellowclkOutclk2ⁿ Out1v/octn+1 Out1v/octIn 11v/octIn 21v/octOut1v/octV/Oct1v/octpitchclock
Uncorrelated pitch & timbre
One clock drives Yellow · Yellow 2ⁿ → VCO pitch · Yellow raw S&H → filter cutoff · both update together but sample independent noise sources · each gate produces a new pitch and a new colour, never tied.
Show diagram
Patch diagramPatch diagram with 6 modules and 4 connections. Modules: SAPÈL, Clock, Yellow, VCO, Filter, Envelope. Signals: 1 cv, 1 pitch, 1 trigger, 1 clock.SAPÈLClockYellowVCOFilterEnvelopeYellow 2ⁿ Value: n=3Ext Clock In YellowclkOutclk2ⁿ Out1v/octS&H OutcvMain Clock OuttrigV/Oct1v/octCutoffcvTrigtrigcvpitchtriggerclock
Polyrhythmic pair
Yellow clock at slow rate · Green clock at ~3× faster · each cluster drives its own voice (pitch via 2ⁿ, trigger via main clock out) · result is two interleaved random-pitch lines with independent rhythms from one module.
Show diagram
Patch diagramPatch diagram with 7 modules and 4 connections. Signals: 2 pitch, 2 trigger.SAPÈLYellowENV 1VCO 1GreenENV 2VCO 2Yellow Clock Rate: slowGreen Clock Rate: ~3× yellow2ⁿ per cluster: n=3Main Clock Outtrig2ⁿ Out1v/octTrigtrigV/Oct1v/octMain Clock Outtrig2ⁿ Out1v/octTrigtrigV/Oct1v/octpitchtrigger
Subtractive rhythm
Patch external steady clock into Yellow · Random Clock Mode switch down (subtractive) · Yellow random clock out is the incoming clock with triggers randomly removed · drive a kick drum for an Autechre-style rhythm with holes · FRV Rate controls hole density.
Show diagram
Patch diagramPatch diagram with 4 modules and 2 connections. Modules: SAPÈL, Clock, Yellow, Drum. Signals: 1 trigger, 1 clock.SAPÈLClockYellowDrumYellow Random Clock Mode: subtractiveYellow FRV Rate: noonExt Clock In YellowclkOutclkRandom Clock OuttrigTrigtrigtriggerclock
Smooth random modulation
Green FRV output at moderate rate drives filter resonance · no clock needed — FRV runs continuously · FRV Rate CV lets an envelope bend the fluctuation speed, faster during note attacks, slower on release.
Show diagram
Patch diagramPatch diagram with 4 modules and 2 connections. Modules: SAPÈL, Green, Filter, Envelope. Signals: 2 cv.SAPÈLGreenFilterEnvelopeGreen FRV Rate: noonFRV Rate CVcvFRV OutcvResonance CVcvOutcvcv
Buchla 266-style voltage cascade
Use SAPÈL to mimic Source of Uncertainty three-output behaviour · each cluster's three outputs feed complementary parameters of one voice: n+1 → coarse pitch, 2ⁿ → fine-pitch offset, raw S&H → VCA level · probability knob biases the musical centre-of-mass.
Show diagram
Patch diagramPatch diagram with 6 modules and 5 connections. Modules: SAPÈL, Clock, Yellow, Mixer, VCO, VCA. Signals: 1 cv, 3 pitch, 1 clock.SAPÈLClockYellowMixerVCOVCAYellow n+1 Value: n=2Yellow 2ⁿ Value: n=3Ext Clock In YellowclkOutclkn+1 Out1v/oct2ⁿ Out1v/octS&H OutcvPitch Coarse1v/octPitch Fine1v/octOut1v/octV/Oct1v/octCVcvcvpitchclock
Pink noise filtered percussion
Pink noise into a VCF · Main Clock Out of one cluster triggers an envelope · envelope modulates cutoff · 2ⁿ output of same cluster modulates resonance · per-hit pitched-noise percussion with correlated trigger but uncorrelated colour.
Show diagram
Patch diagramPatch diagram with 5 modules and 6 connections. Modules: SAPÈL, Filter, Yellow, Envelope, VCA. Signals: 2 audio, 3 cv, 1 trigger.SAPÈLFilterYellowEnvelopeVCAPink NoiseaudioInaudioCutoffcvResonancecvOutaudioMain Clock Outtrig2ⁿ OutcvTrigtrigOutcvInaudioCVcvaudiocvtrigger
Ratcheting via manual S&H
Set Gate/CV switch to Gate · feed a burst/gate pattern into Gate/CV input · every gate high samples a new value on the Yellow cluster · main clock continues to tick underneath for parallel duties · creates ratcheted rapid-fire pitch changes synced to drum fills.
Show diagram
Patch diagramPatch diagram with 5 modules and 3 connections. Modules: SAPÈL, Ratchet Gen, Yellow, VCO, Envelope. Signals: 1 pitch, 1 gate, 1 trigger.SAPÈLRatchet GenYellowVCOEnvelopeYellow Gate/CV Switch: GateYellow Gate/CV IngateOutgate2ⁿ Out1v/octMain Clock OuttrigV/Oct1v/octTrigtrigpitchgatetrigger

Behaviors

Three synced values per trigger clock / manual S&H / external gate

Each cluster's three stepped outputs (raw S&H, 2ⁿ semitones, n+1 octaves) update simultaneously from the same trigger. The three values are sampled from independent thermal-noise streams, so they are uncorrelated — one chord voice can have pitch, timbre, and amplitude coming from one cluster without phase-locking.

True thermal-noise sampling S&H event

Each S&H samples a dedicated thermal-noise source, not a pseudo-random generator. 30-minute warmup is recommended — the module needs to reach operating temperature for the noise floor to sit in the working range.

Clock mix via Single/Both Single/Both switch flipped

Routes the opposite cluster's clock into this cluster's trigger circuit. Both internal and external clocks still obey the switch. Used to densify one side or create polyrhythmic S&H patterns from two independent rates.

Random clock density coupled to FRV FRV Rate / Global Rate of Change knob

A single knob controls both the fluctuating voltage speed and the random-clock density. Turning CW raises fluctuation rate and adds more random triggers; CCW slows and thins them. CV at C.3 modulates both simultaneously — modulating tempo feel and smooth-CV speed with one signal.

Additive vs subtractive random clock Random Clock Mode switch

Up (additive): random clock outputs all main-clock pulses plus extra random triggers. Down (subtractive): randomly removes triggers from the main sequence — a gate with holes. Useful for generative percussion where you want rhythmic variation instead of density increase.

Probability biases magnitude not pool Probability Distribution knob

Does not clip the voltage range — it biases which values are more likely within the existing pool. Unlike the n knobs (which resize the pool), probability skews frequency of occurrence. Lower-voltage values still appear when CW, just rarely.

External clock bypass patch Clock Input

Patching the Clock Input disables that cluster's internal clock and the clock-rate knob. External clock must have steep rising edges — sine/triangle won't sample. Main Clock output mirrors the external clock (useful for clock cleanup).

Fluctuating is always running always (not gated)

FRV output is continuous and independent of clocks and gates. Treat it as a smooth independent LFO-rate random source that happens to share a rate knob with the random-clock density.

Controls

per cluster Clock Rate Internal clock frequency driving the S&H triggers.
~0.1 Hz – 60 Hz · CV modulated via Gate/CV input
per cluster Single / Both Switch Routes the other cluster's clock into this one for density mixing.
centre: own clock · flip: add other cluster's clock into own trigger stream
per cluster Random Clock Mode Additive or subtractive blend of the random clock with the main clock.
up: add randoms to main · down: randomly remove triggers from main
per cluster Gate/CV Modulation Switch Selects what the Gate/CV input does.
CV mode: modulates clock rate · Gate mode: >3 V manually triggers S&H
per cluster Sample-and-Hold Button Manual trigger. Overrides clock while held. LED lit while depressed.
momentary · main clock out still pulses normally
per cluster n+1 Value Sets the number of octaves in the n+1 quantised output pool.
n=1: 2 octaves · n=2: 3 · n=3: 4 · n=4: 5 · n=5: 6 · n=6: 7 · 0 V–6 V range
per cluster 2ⁿ Value Sets the exponent of 2 for the semitone-quantised output pool.
n=1: 2 notes · n=2: 4 · n=3: 8 · n=4: 16 · n=5: 32 · n=6: 64 stages (0 V – 5.25 V over 1/12 V steps)
per cluster FRV Rate / Global Rate of Change Speed of the fluctuating random voltage. Also biases main clock density.
CW: faster fluctuation + denser random clocks · CCW: slower · CV via C.3
Global Probability Distribution Biases the voltage magnitude the S&H circuits are likely to output.
noon: medium voltages favoured · CCW: lower · CW: higher · does not clip the pool
Per S&H output (×4) Probability Distribution Switch Opts each S&H into the global probability bias.
one per output: raw S&H, 2ⁿ, n+1, fluctuating

I/O

IN · 5

  • Clock Input (external) trigger/gate, clamps negative pulses GATE
    External trigger/gate bypasses the internal clock for that cluster. Requires steep edges (square/pulse/sawtooth with negative ramp).
  • Gate/CV Modulation Input CV ±10 V (offset +15 V) · gate >3 V GATE
    Switch-dependent: CV modulates the clock rate, or >3 V gate manually samples the S&H cluster.
  • n+1 Value CV ±10 V usable · 7.5 V knob offset CV
    CV modulates the number of octaves in the n+1 pool.
  • 2ⁿ Value CV ±10 V usable · 7.5 V knob offset CV
    CV modulates the number of quantised semitone steps.
  • FRV Rate / Global Rate of Change CV ±10 V usable · 15 V knob offset CLK
    CV over the fluctuating rate and random-clock density.

OUT · 10

  • S&H Output (raw) 0 – 7.5 V stepped
    Non-quantised stepped random voltage, 0 V to ~7.5 V. True analogue-noise-sampled randomness.
  • 2ⁿ Output 0 – 5.25 V in 1/12 V steps
    Stepped random quantised to 1/12 V semitones. Range grows with the n setting.
  • n+1 Output 0 – 6 V in 1 V steps
    Stepped random quantised to 1 V octaves.
  • FRV (Fluctuating Output) 0 – 7.5 V smoothed
    Continuous smooth random voltage, independent of clocks.
  • Main Clock Output ~9 V · ~2 ms period pulse GATE
    Regular clock driving the S&H cluster. Mirrors external clock when patched.
  • Random Clock Output ~9 V trigger GATE
    Random clock stream. Adds or subtracts triggers from main depending on Random Clock Mode switch.
  • Blue Noise ~10 dBu RMS
    Inharmonic noise with intensity rising with frequency. +3 dB/oct spectrum. Hissy, bass-deficient.
  • White Noise ~10 dBu RMS
    Flat audible-spectrum noise. 0 dB/oct.
  • Pink Noise ~7 dBu RMS
    White filtered at -3 dB/oct. Equal intensity per octave — balanced for the ear.
  • Red Noise ~4 dBu RMS
    Brown/Brownian noise. -6 dB/oct slope. Low rumbling spectrum.